FOSS Acronym for Free or open-source software. Software, like Joomla, that is available to use, copy, study, and change in any way without charge. FOSS software typically uses a special software license, such as GPL, that requires any derivative works to also be free.
Options (Parameters) Options (also known as parameters) are settings used to customise modules, components, plug-ins and templates. The core extensions in Joomla offer many options that the site administrator can set to change the behavior of the site without requiring any programming knowledge.
Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Programming technique based on using classes, objects, and methods - an approach to designing modular reusable software systems. Joomla is based on OOP. Solid understanding on OOP is a key plus when working with Joomla programs.